Menjadi Remaja Pelopor Pencegahan Kekerasan, Bullying, dan Pelecehan Seksual
Halo gaes, ga terasa ya pandemic covid-19 sudah 1 tahun berjalan, kalian bagaimana kabarnya sekarang? Semoga tetap sehat-sehat yaa. Walaupun saat ini pemerintah masih mewajibkan kita beraktivitas di rumah, namun ternyata kasus kekerasan masih aja lho sering terjadi.
Wah kok bisa sih? Iya, karena perilaku kekerasan, bullying, maupun pelecehan seksual itu pelaku maupun korbannya bisa siapa saja, termasuk diri kita sendiri maupun keluarga di rumah. Nah, yuk kita simak materi tentang kekerasan, bullying, dan pelecehan seksual berikut ini. Oh iya, materi ini pernah disampaikan juga lho dalam acara webinar online SERU GAES yang diadakan Jumat, 19 Februari 2021 lalu.
Kakak punya tebak-tebakan nih, menurut kamu, ada berapa sih jenis tipe-tipe kekerasan yang kamu ketahui? Hayo sebutkan 😀
- Psikis : Meremehkan, mencemarkan, mengancam, mengejek, menertawakan, membentak, melabel (bodoh, malas, nakal), memojokkan, perlakuan kasar
- Fisik : Mencubit, memukul, manjambak, menendang, menampar, melukai, tawuran
- Seksual : Eksploitasi seksual dalam prostitusi atau pornografi, pemaksaan anak untuk melihat kegiatan seksual , memperlihatkan kemaluan kepada anak, stimulasi seksual, perabaan, memaksa anak untuk memegang kemaluan orang lain, menghisap, hubungan seksual (incest, perkosaan dan sodomi).
- Penelantaran : Ekspoitasi anak, perdagangan anak, pengabaian terhadap anak
- Bullying : Perbuatan negatif atau agresif yang mengintimidasi anak yang lebih lemah, merampas uang jajan/barang, mengancam dengan menggunakan surat kaleng/pesan singkat
Sadarkah Kamu?
Kita semua berpotensi menjadi pelaku maupun korban bullying. Kok bisaaa?
Ternyata kalimat-kalimat seperti ini ““Aku kan cuma bercanda sm kamu kak”, “masa anak cowo nangis sih dikatain begitu aja?”, “ah kamu cemen” itu bisa membuat seseorang menjadi sakit hati dan tidak nyaman lhooo.. ketidaknyamanan itu merupakan tanda bahwa sikap kita ada yang tidak tepat dan perlu diperbaiki.
Nah selain dari bullying, kita harus waspada dan mencegah terjadinya pelecehan seksual (sexual harassment). Maksudnya gimana sih kak?
Jadi pelecehan itu = menghina, memandang rendah, mengabaikan hingga melakukan perilaku yang didasari hasrat sexual tanpa persetujuan secara explisit kepada korban (Psychology Today, 2017).
Nah dari berbagai informasi menyebutkan bahwa korban pelecehan seksual juga dapat terjadi pada pria. Jadi bagi kamu laki-laki juga perlu berhati-hati dan menjaga diri yaa.
Pelecehan seksual itu juga ada banyak macamnya nih :
- Pelecehan seksual secara fisik, yaitu jenis kontak fisik yg tidak diinginkan oleh korban : sentuhan, serangan, percobaan pemerkosaan, & pelanggaran terhadap ruang pribadi korban.
- Pelecehan seksual verbal, yaitu komentar, ejekan, lelucon, perkataan tersirat, serta pertanyaan mengenai kehidupan seksual korban.
- Pelecehan seksual nonverbal, menunjukkan bahasa tubuh bernuansa seksual, siulan, atau menampilkan gambar-gambar seksual yang tidak diinginkan korban.
- Quid pro quo, yaitu jenis pelecehan ini terjadi ketika pihak lainnya memengaruhi orang lain untuk melakukan pelecehan seksual, baik secara sadar maupun tidak.
Kira-kira apa aja sih dampaknya kalau terjadi kekerasan / bullying / pelecehan seksual pada seseorang?
- Luka-luka atau muncul masalah medis yang serius
- Mengalami depresi / kecemasan / ketegangan
- Stres, enggan berkegiatan
- Pikiran kacau, merasa tidak ada harapan / merasa tidak berdaya
- Gangguan / masalah mental-emosional, bunuh diri dan/atau membunuh orang lain
- Berpotensi menjadi pelaku di masa mendatang
Terus gimana dong caranya supaya kita terhindar dari pelecehan seksual?
- Menghindari pulang larut malam dan sendirian
- Menolak ajakan-ajakan yang dirasa kurang tepat
- Tidak memberikan data-data pribadi (alamat rumah, nomor telp, nama keluarga, foto pribadi, KTP, dll) kepada orang tidak dikenal atau memposting di sosial media
Kalau hal itu terjadi pada kita, lantas apa yang perlu dilakukan kak?
- Mengatakan tidak dengan tegas Berani mengatakan tidak. Tolak semua ajakan dan rayuan dengan tegas. Apabila kamu merasa bahwa pelaku lebih tua dapat mengatakan dengan tegas dan sopan. Sesuaikan dengan situasi.
- Melaporkan kepada Pihak lain Segeralah melapor kepada orang yang Kamu percaya, guru/dosen pembimbing akademik atau siapa pun yang memiliki kuasa untuk menghentikan perbuatan pelaku.
- Mencari bantuan dari teman Carilah orang yang bisa dipercaya untuk menceritakan detail terjadinya pelecehan. Mereka dapat membantu sebagai saksi, terutama jika teman kamu juga pernah mengalami pelecehan serupa.
- Jangan hanya berdiam diri. Beranilah untuk mengungkapkan. Speak Up! Apabila sudah terjadi pelecehan seksual terhadap diri Kamu, maka berusaha untuk selalu berpikir positif, mengerjakan hal-hal yang menarik dan menatap masa depan dengan optimis agar trauma tersebut tidak membayangi. Berdiam diri dan mengabaikan SH bukan solusi.
Kalau hal itu terjadi pada orang lain di sekitar kita, lantas apa yang perlu dilakukan kak?
- Direct (Menghentikan Langsung)
Kamu bisa berusaha menghentikan secara langsung. Dalam hal ini, Kamu dapat memisahkan pelaku dan korban.
- Distract (Mengalihkan)
Ketika Kamu melihat kejadian pelecehan atau kekerasan, Kamu dapat berusaha mengalihkan perhatian pelaku atau korban. Kamu bisa mendekati korban dengan berpura-pura bertanya. Sebagai contoh, “Permisi, saya mau tanya jalan.” Setidaknya memastikan pelaku tahu korban tidak sendirian.
- Documenting (Mengabadikan kejadian)
Merekam atau mendokumentasikan peristiwa menjadi langkah yang bisa diambil oleh saksi pelecehan atau kekerasan. Hasil dari rekaman, foto, atau dokumen suara tersebut dapat menjadi bukti penting ketika sang korban atau saksi melaporkan kejadian tak menyenangkan itu ke pihak berwajib.
- Delegating (Mendelegasikan kepada pihak yang punya otoritas)
Lapor ke guru/orang tua/polisi/orang dewasa di sekitar kamu
- Delay (Menanyakan kondisi korban)
Tak sedikit korban dari pelecehan atau kekerasan seksual mengalami trauma. Jika melihat kejadian tersebut Kamu dapat bertanya, “Apakah Kamu baik-baik saja?”. Yuk lebih peduli pada orang-orang di sekitar kita.
Kamu dapat memilih setidaknya satu atau dua Langkah. Namun perlu perhatikan keselamatan diri kamu juga yaa
Be kind, because everyone is fighting a hard battle. Be Kind! ?
Pemateri : Rami Busyra Ikram, M.Psi., Psi
Sumber literatur :
- (2019). Ending the Silence Sexual Harrasment
Rathus, S. A., Nevid, J. S. & Fichner-Rathus, L. (2011). Human sexuality in a world of diversity (8th). Boston: Pearson
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